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circular breathing
Circular breathing is a technique used by players of some wind instruments to produce a continuous tone without interruption. This is accomplished by breathing ''in'' through the nose while simultaneously pushing air ''out'' through the mouth using air stored in the cheeks.
==History==
The technique was developed independently by several cultures, and is used for many traditional wind instruments.〔http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-circular-breathing.htm Circular breathing at wisegeek〕
In the 13th century, Asian metalsmiths who specialized in gold and silver used circular breathing techniques for crafting various decorative and ornamental items. In crafting such items, craftsmen were required to blow continuously to the flame through a pipe with a needle-like hole, in order to make the hard metal melt or soften. From such necessity, craftsmen mastered a circular-like cycle of breathing, simultaneously inhaling through their nose while blowing without any pauses. The introduction of the circular breathing technique in the art of ancient windplayers was a productive invention in its performing technique.〔http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sh73S0piXyA〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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